Off grid living in florida

The concept of "living off-grid" in Florida represents a convergence of two powerful, yet frequently opposing, narratives. On one hand, the state is physically endowed with one of the most robust solar resources in North America, earning its moniker "The Sunshine State" with an insolation profile that theoretically makes photovoltaic autonomy highly attainable. On the other hand, Florida presents a regulatory and environmental landscape of exceptional hostility. The prospective off-grid homeowner must navigate a labyrinth of High-Velocity Hurricane Zone (HVHZ) building codes, a collapsing property insurance market, and municipal statutes that have historically been weaponized against self-sufficient lifestyles.
This report provides an exhaustive, expert-level analysis of the feasibility of disconnecting from the utility grid in Florida. It moves beyond the superficial debates of legality to examine the intricate technical realities of dehumidification loads in tropical climates, the structural engineering required to keep solar arrays grounded during Category 5 wind events, and the financial stratagems necessary to insure non-standard infrastructure in a state where major carriers are actively retreating.
Our analysis indicates that while off-grid living is legally permissible under Florida Statute, it is practically achievable only through a rigorous adherence to defensive engineering and strategic zoning selection. The popular misconception that Florida law bans off-grid living is largely derived from misinterpretations of the International Property Maintenance Code (IPMC); however, the operational reality is that urban and suburban residential zones are effectively closed to full disconnection due to sanitation and water utility mandates. The viable path lies in the state’s agricultural and rural corridors—specifically in the Panhandle and North Central regions—where zoning flexibility aligns with the physical requirements of autonomy.
Furthermore, the report identifies the "Air Conditioning Penalty" as the single most critical variable in system sizing. Unlike off-grid projects in arid or temperate climates, a Florida system functions primarily as a life-support system for the building envelope, battling relentless humidity that threatens rapid biological decay (mold) within the structure. Consequently, energy storage requirements for Florida off-grid homes are disproportionately high, often necessitating lithium-iron-phosphate (LiFePO4) battery banks exceeding 30-40 kWh to bridge the nocturnal cooling gap.

1. The Legal and Regulatory Landscape

The feasibility of off-grid living in Florida is determined less by technological capacity than by legal permission. The regulatory environment is bifurcated: state statutes generally encourage renewable energy and protect homeowner rights, while local ordinances—enforced through zoning and code compliance—often create de facto prohibitions on disconnection in established communities.

1.1 The "Illegality" Myth and the IPMC

A persistent narrative in the off-grid community asserts that Florida has criminalized self-sufficiency. This belief is rooted largely in the widely publicized 2014 case of Robin Speronis v. City of Cape Coral, where a homeowner was cited for living without utility power or water.1 A forensic examination of this case and the underlying codes reveals a more nuanced reality. Speronis was not cited for the act of generating her own power, but for failing to maintain a residence that met the minimum sanitation and habitability standards defined by the International Property Maintenance Code (IPMC).3

1.1.1 IPMC Section 602.2 and "Approved Sources"

Many Florida municipalities, including Orlando, Cape Coral, and Miami, have adopted the IPMC to standardize housing quality. Section 602.2 of the IPMC mandates that residential dwellings be provided with heating facilities capable of maintaining a room temperature of 68°F (20°C).3 Crucially, the code often references connection to an "approved" energy source.

Interpretation Variance: In strict jurisdictions, code enforcement officers interpret "approved source" as the commercial electrical grid. This interpretation effectively mandates grid connection not because the law explicitly bans solar, but because the alternative (a standalone off-grid system) is viewed as insufficiently reliable to guarantee the health and safety of occupants.4
The Sanitation Nexus: The Speronis ruling pivoted on water and sewer access rather than electricity. The Special Magistrate found the home "unsanitary" under the IPMC because the owner refused to connect to the available municipal water system and instead relied on rainwater harvesting and alternative waste disposal, which had not been certified by the Department of Health.2
Implication: In incorporated cities or suburbs where municipal infrastructure exists, the "availability" of these services typically triggers a mandatory connection statute. For example, Florida Statute 381.0065 requires connection to a public sewer system if the line is within a specific distance (usually 100-200 feet) of the property.6 Thus, "off-grid" regarding water and sewer is often legally impossible in urban zones, even if electrical disconnection is theoretically permitted.

1.2 Florida Statutes: The Protective Shield

Contrary to restrictive municipal codes, the Florida Legislature has enacted statutes that explicitly protect the rights of homeowners to implement renewable energy systems. Understanding the hierarchy of these laws is essential for any homeowner facing local opposition.

1.2.1 Florida Statute 163.04: The Solar Rights Act

This statute is the cornerstone of solar liberty in the state. It expressly forbids the adoption of any ordinance, deed restriction, covenant, or binding agreement that "effectively prohibits or limits the installation of solar collectors, clotheslines, or other energy devices based on renewable resources".7

Scope of Protection: While this law prevents Homeowners Associations (HOAs) and cities from banning solar panels, it does not explicitly grant a right to disconnect from the grid. It protects the addition of solar infrastructure but is silent on the subtraction of utility services.7
Legal Leverage: However, aggressive legal interpretations suggest that if a municipal code (like the IPMC requirement for an "approved source") makes an off-grid solar system de facto illegal, it may conflict with the intent of Statute 163.04. This remains a contested legal interface.8

1.2.2 Florida Statute 366.91: Renewable Energy Promotion

This statute declares it to be in the public interest to promote the development of renewable energy resources to diversify fuel types and improve environmental conditions.9 While largely directive for utility companies and state agencies, it provides a supportive legislative backdrop for off-grid projects, framing them as consistent with state goals rather than subversive activities.

1.3 Zoning: The Critical Variable

The solution to the regulatory deadlock lies in land use zoning. The application of the IPMC and mandatory hookup laws is heavily correlated with population density. As one moves from "Residential" to "Agricultural" zoning, the regulatory friction decreases exponentially.

Zoning Classification	Off-Grid Feasibility	Regulatory Constraints	Strategic Outlook
Residential (R-1, R-2)	Low / Prohibitive	Mandatory sewer/water connection highly likely. IPMC strictly enforced. HOAs prevalent.	Avoid. The cost of fighting code enforcement and potential liens outweighs the benefits.
Rural Residential (RR)	Moderate	Wells and septic systems permitted. Setbacks may still limit ground-mount solar arrays.	Viable. Requires careful check of deed restrictions and local ordinances regarding "accessory structures" (solar sheds).
Agricultural (AG)	High / Optimal	Standard expectation of self-sufficiency. Wells/Septic are the norm. Few aesthetic restrictions.	Target. Large parcels allow for optimal solar orientation and distance from neighbors, reducing "nuisance" complaints.
The "Freedom Belt" - Panhandle and North Florida:
Research indicates that specific counties in the Florida Panhandle and North Central region—specifically Liberty, Suwannee, Calhoun, and Washington—offer the most permissive environments for off-grid living.3

Liberty County: Dominated by national forest land and low population density, Liberty County lacks the aggressive code enforcement infrastructure of coastal metros. The cultural norm here leans towards self-reliance, and agricultural zoning is abundant.8
Suwannee County: This county is notable for its "Owner-Builder" friendliness. It allows property owners to act as their own contractors for building homes, significantly reducing the cost of off-grid construction. The "Owner Builder Disclosure" form explicitly outlines the exemption from state licensing requirements, provided the home is for personal use.11

2. The Energy Equation: Designing for the Florida Climate

Designing an off-grid power system for Florida requires a fundamental departure from the sizing metrics used in the American West or Northeast. The dominant electrical load is not lighting, heating, or refrigeration—it is latent heat removal (dehumidification). The failure to account for Florida’s relentless humidity is the primary cause of off-grid system failure in the state.

2.1 The "Air Conditioning Penalty"

In arid climates, air conditioning is a comfort; in Florida, it is structural preservation. The state’s average relative humidity frequently exceeds 90%, particularly at night and in the early morning. If the interior relative humidity of a home is allowed to remain above 60% for extended periods (24-48 hours), mold spores—ubiquitous in the environment—begin to colonize drywall, insulation, and wood framing.13

2.1.1 Load Profiling and Dehumidification

A standard 3-ton (36,000 BTU) central air conditioner draws approximately 3,000 to 3,500 watts while the compressor is active. In a poorly insulated home, this unit might run at a 50-70% duty cycle overnight to maintain a setpoint of 75°F.15

The Energy Mathematics: Running a 3 kW load at a 50% duty cycle for a 10-hour night requires 15 kWh of energy. This is merely for cooling. When baseloads (refrigeration, networking, standby power) are added, the nightly energy deficit can easily reach 20-30 kWh.15
The Dehumidification Nuance: Standard AC units cool the air (sensible cooling) and remove moisture (latent cooling) simultaneously. However, in "shoulder seasons" (spring/fall) or at night, the temperature may drop, but humidity remains high. The AC thermostat is satisfied by the temperature and shuts off, allowing humidity to spike.
Solution - Dedicated Dehumidifiers: Off-grid homes in Florida must employ dedicated dehumidifiers. While a 120V whole-home dehumidifier is an additional load (500-800 watts), it is more energy-efficient than over-cooling the house with the central AC just to dry the air.16

2.1.2 High-Efficiency HVAC Strategy

To mitigate the massive battery requirements of central AC, the adoption of Mini-Split Heat Pumps is virtually mandatory for off-grid success.

SEER Ratings: Modern inverter-driven mini-splits achieve SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) ratings of 22 to 30+, compared to 14-16 for standard central units.
Zoning: Mini-splits allow the homeowner to cool only occupied sleeping quarters at night, drastically reducing the active volume and energy consumption.18
Solar-Ready Units: New "hybrid" mini-splits allow PV panels to plug directly into the outdoor unit, utilizing DC power from the sun during the day to run the compressor and reducing the draw on the battery bank/inverter.18

2.2 Solar Insolation and Seasonality

While Florida averages decent annual sunlight, the distribution is problematic for off-grid reliability.

The Summer Paradox: Summer days are long, but convective cloud buildup often begins by 1:00 PM, followed by violent thunderstorms. This limits the effective "peak sun" window, despite the season.
The Winter Dip: In North Florida (e.g., Gainesville, Suwannee County), winter insolation drops significantly. The average peak sun hours in January can dip to 4.7 hours, compared to over 6 hours in Miami.20

Implication: A system sized for the "average" year will fail in December or during a week-long tropical depression. Off-grid arrays must be oversized by 20-30% relative to the calculated load to ensure autonomy during these deficits.22 Regional Peak Sun Hour Comparison (Winter vs. Summer) 20

Region / City	Winter Avg (Hrs)	Summer Avg (Hrs)	Design Implication
South (Miami)	5.05	6.26	Consistent production; smaller array relative to load.
Central (Tampa)	5.26	6.16	Good balance; moderate variance.
North (Gainesville)	4.71	5.81	Significant winter drop; requires larger array to cover heating loads.

2.3 Energy Storage: The LiFePO4 Imperative

The choice of battery chemistry is a binary one in Florida: Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) or failure. Traditional lead-acid batteries (AGM, Gel, Flooded) are chemically unsuited for the Florida environment for two reasons:

Heat Degradation: Lead-acid battery life halves for every 15°F increase above 77°F. In a non-climate-controlled garage or shed where temperatures reach 95°F, a lead-acid bank may fail in under three years.
Peukert Effect & Depth of Discharge: The high current draw of air conditioners causes significant voltage sag in lead-acid batteries (Peukert's Law), effectively reducing their usable capacity. Furthermore, discharging lead-acid below 50% permanently damages them.23 Sizing the Bank:
To survive a Florida night with AC, a minimum usable capacity of 30 kWh is recommended.15

Calculation: 3-ton AC (3 kW) x 50% duty cycle x 10 hours = 15 kWh. Add 5 kWh for baseloads = 20 kWh. Apply an 80% Depth of Discharge (DoD) buffer for LiFePO4 efficiency = 25 kWh minimum. A 30 kWh bank provides a safety margin for cloudy days.23
Cost Impact: At current market rates for high-quality server-rack LiFePO4 batteries (approx. $250-$350 per kWh), the battery bank alone represents a $7,500 - $10,500 investment, excluding inverters and balance of system.24

3. Water Security: Navigating the Hydro-Legal Maze

Florida sits atop one of the most productive aquifer systems in the world, yet accessing and using this water for an off-grid home is strictly regulated. The path to water security depends entirely on the county of residence.

3.1 Groundwater and Wells

For most of the state (excluding the Keys), a private well is the standard solution for off-grid water.

Permitting Regime: All water wells in Florida require a permit from the relevant Water Management District (e.g., SWFWMD, SFWMD). While homeowners can technically dig shallow wells (<2 inches diameter) in some districts without a contractor license ("DIY exemption"), professional drilling is strongly advised—and often legally mandated—in areas with karst topography (limestone) to prevent sinkhole formation or aquifer contamination.25
Setbacks: The Florida Administrative Code mandates strict setbacks for wells: 75 feet from any septic system (OSTDS) and 50 feet from non-potable lines.6 In small lot scenarios, these setbacks can make legal well placement impossible.

3.2 Rainwater Harvesting: The Monroe Exception

The most distinct regulatory anomaly in Florida regarding water is Monroe County (The Florida Keys).

The General Rule: In most of Florida, rainwater harvesting is encouraged for irrigation but heavily restricted for potable use. Health departments typically refuse to permit a home that relies solely on rainwater for drinking, citing the inability to guarantee water quality without complex chlorination and filtration systems.27
The Monroe Reality: Due to the lack of freshwater aquifers, Monroe County explicitly permits and regulates cisterns for potable water. The code provides specifications for cistern construction (concrete or fiberglass), filtration, and integration into the home's structure.28
Implication: An off-grid homeowner in the Keys can legally build a home with no well and no utility water connection, relying entirely on a cistern. In contrast, attempting this in Orange County or Hillsborough County would likely result in a denial of the Certificate of Occupancy.30

3.3 Wastewater: Septic vs. Alternative Systems

The "Speronis" case highlighted that waste disposal is the Achilles' heel of off-grid legality.

The Septic Mandate: Florida Statute 381.0065 effectively mandates an Onsite Sewage Treatment and Disposal System (OSTDS) for any home not connected to a sewer.
Composting Toilet Limitations: While composting toilets (NSF 41 certified) are legal, they rarely exempt the homeowner from installing a drainfield. The state requires a method to dispose of greywater (sink/shower water), which is still considered a health hazard. Therefore, an off-grid home usually still incurs the $5,000 - $15,000 cost of a septic system.6
Future Regulation: As of 2025, oversight of septic permitting is transferring from the Department of Health to the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP). This shift is expected to bring stricter nitrogen-reduction standards, potentially increasing the cost and complexity of septic systems in environmentally sensitive watersheds.31

4. Structural Resilience: Hardening Against the Elements

An off-grid home in Florida is a fortress by necessity. It must generate its own power while withstanding wind loads that can disintegrate standard structures.

4.1 Wind Load and Solar Engineering

The Florida Building Code (FBC) divides the state into wind zones. The High-Velocity Hurricane Zone (HVHZ) (Miami-Dade/Broward) requires resistance to winds of 170+ mph.

Solar Uplift: Solar panels act as airfoils. In the HVHZ, code requires solar arrays to withstand 3,300 Pascals (Pa) of uplift pressure, significantly higher than the standard 2,400 Pa used elsewhere.32
Mounting Solutions:
- Roof Mounts: Must use FBC-approved racking with extra penetrations into trusses. The "Solar Stack" and other adhesive/clamp systems are often used to avoid piercing metal roofs, preserving water-tightness.33
- Ground Mounts: Preferred for off-grid maintenance. However, they require massive concrete ballasting or driven piles to prevent overturning. A 15kW ground array is a significant civil engineering project in Florida.8

4.2 Lightning Protection

Florida is the "Lightning Capital" of the US, with Central Florida experiencing some of the highest strike densities globally.34 An off-grid home with a large conductive array is a prime target.

Grounding Debate: While some DIY forums debate "floating" the system, the NEC and insurance carriers generally mandate a comprehensive grounding system. This includes bonding all panel frames, racking, and inverters to a dedicated grounding electrode system.35
Surge Suppression: Investing in Type 1 and Type 2 Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) is non-negotiable. These must be installed at the DC combiner box (to protect the Charge Controller) and the AC distribution panel (to protect the Inverter and appliances). A direct strike will likely destroy equipment regardless, but SPDs protect against induced surges from nearby strikes.36

4.3 Vernacular Architecture: The "Cracker" Revival

To reduce the energy load on the solar/battery system, successful off-grid designs often revert to the Florida Cracker style architecture.37

Passive Cooling Physics:
- Elevation: Raising the home on piers (2-3 feet) creates a pressure differential that draws air underneath, cooling the floor mass and isolating the home from ground moisture and floodwaters.37
- Deep Overhangs: Porches extending 6-8 feet shade the windows and walls from direct solar gain, reducing the thermal load on the envelope significantly.
- Thermal Chimneys: High ceilings and cupolas allow hot air to stratify and vent out, drawing cooler air in from lower openings.38
Modern Hybrid: Combining this geometry with modern insulation (Spray Foam/ICF) creates a home that requires a fraction of the AC tonnage of a standard concrete block "hot box," making off-grid energy budgets feasible.39

5. The Insurance Crisis and Financial Risk

The most volatile variable in the Florida off-grid equation is the insurance market. The collapse of domestic carriers has made insuring "non-standard" homes a complex and expensive endeavor.

5.1 The Market Failure and Surplus Lines

Major national carriers have largely withdrawn from Florida or refuse to write new business for homes with "complex" features like large solar arrays or DIY electrical systems.

Surplus Lines (E&S): For many off-grid homes, the only path to coverage is the Surplus Lines market (e.g., Lloyd's of London, certain SageSure programs). These insurers specialize in high-risk or unique properties.40
The Risk: Surplus Lines carriers are unregulated regarding rate increases and, critically, are not backed by the Florida Insurance Guaranty Association (FIGA). If a major hurricane causes the insurer to become insolvent, the policyholder has no state safety net.42
Cost: Premiums for these policies are typically 30-50% higher than admitted carriers. Reports from 2024-2025 indicate premiums ranging from $4,000 to over $8,000 annually for modest homes in coastal or near-coastal counties.43

5.2 The "Tier 2" Interconnection Trap

For "Hybrid" off-grid homes (those that maintain a grid connection for emergency backup), system size triggers insurance mandates.

The 11.7 kW Limit: Florida utilities divide solar systems into Tiers. Tier 1 is <11.7 kW (DC). Tier 2 is 11.7 kW to 100 kW.
Liability Mandate: Tier 2 systems require the homeowner to carry a $1 million personal liability policy (PLP). This is a significant hurdle, as standard homeowner policies rarely offer this limit, and umbrella policies may require underlying auto/home coverage with the same carrier.45
Strategic Sizing: To avoid this, many off-gridders size their inverter output to 11.7 kW (AC) while oversizing the DC solar array (e.g., 15 kW DC) to maximize charging hours without triggering the Tier 2 classification.

6. Geographic Feasibility Profiles

To aid the prospective homeowner, we have categorized key Florida regions based on their suitability for off-grid living.

6.1 The Panhandle & North Central (Liberty, Suwannee, Washington)

Feasibility Score: High
Regulatory Environment: Favorable. High prevalence of Agricultural zoning. Suwannee County's "Owner-Builder" permit exemption is a major asset.11
Environmental: Lower hurricane risk than the peninsula (though not zero). Good groundwater access. Lower winter solar insolation requires larger heating capability.
Land Cost: Affordable compared to the peninsula.

6.2 The Peninsula Interior (Lake, Polk, Highlands)

Feasibility Score: Moderate
Regulatory Environment: Mixed. Rapid suburbanization is bringing stricter code enforcement to formerly rural areas. Conflicts like Speronis are more likely here.
Environmental: High lightning density. Good solar resource.
Land Cost: Rising rapidly.

6.3 The Coast & Keys (Monroe, Collier)

Feasibility Score: Low (Technical/Financial)
Regulatory Environment: Strict. HVHZ building codes drive construction costs up. Monroe allows cisterns but restricts development density severely.
Environmental: Maximum hurricane risk. Salt corrosion requires marine-grade solar hardware.
Land Cost: Prohibitive.

7. Financial Analysis and Implementation Strategy

7.1 Cost of Autonomy

The financial reality of going off-grid in Florida involves a high upfront Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) to offset long-term Operational Expenditure (OPEX).
Estimated System Costs (2025 Market Rates):

Component	Specifications	Estimated Cost	Notes
Solar Array	15 kW Ground Mount	$36,000 - $40,000	Includes high-wind racking & permitting.47
Battery Bank	30 kWh LiFePO4	$10,000 - $15,000	Server rack style, excluding installation labor.24
Inverter/BOS	12k - 15k Hybrid	$6,000 - $9,000	Sol-Ark or similar tier with generator support.
Generator	12kW Propane	$4,000 - $6,000	Mandatory backup for tropical depressions.48
Total Energy CAPEX		$56,000 - $70,000	Before 30% Federal Tax Credit.

7.2 Implementation Roadmap

Zoning First: Purchase land only in Agricultural (AG) zones in counties with a track record of leniency (Liberty, Suwannee). Verify well depth and water quality immediately.
Design for Dehumidification: Calculate the latent cooling load. Prioritize building envelope sealing (spray foam) and integrate dedicated dehumidifiers into the energy budget.
Hardened Infrastructure: Utilize ground-mounted solar to reduce wind risk to the main structure. Invest in LiFePO4 storage to handle the heat.
Insurance Strategy: Engage a Surplus Lines broker early in the design phase. If grid-tied backup is desired, design the inverter output to stay under 11.7 kW to avoid Tier 2 liability complications.

Conclusion

Living off-grid in Florida is a sophisticated technical and legal undertaking that bears little resemblance to the romanticized notion of a simple cabin in the woods. It requires becoming one's own utility manager, creating a hardened infrastructure capable of producing power in the face of tropical storms and suppressing humidity that threatens the very structure of the home.
While the legal landscape is navigable—particularly through the strategic use of Agricultural zoning—the financial and environmental barriers are substantial. The convergence of strict wind codes, the insurance crisis, and the physics of tropical cooling means that a viable Florida off-grid home is likely to be a high-capital engineering project. However, for those who succeed, the result is a level of resilience and independence that is increasingly valuable in a state defined by its climatic volatility.

Works cited

Partial victory for Cape Coral woman fighting to live off grid - YouTube, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4MHY-wVOCSw
Florida Law Makes Living Off the Grid Illegal - Insteading, accessed November 27, 2025, https://insteading.com/blog/florida-law-makes-living-grid-illegal/
Is it Illegal to Go Off-Grid in Florida? - Compass Solar Energy, accessed November 27, 2025, https://compasssolar.com/is-it-illegal-to-go-off-grid-in-florida/
Don't forget: living "off the grid" is against code! - Turner Law Offices, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.turnerlawoffices.com/dont-forget-living-off-the-grid-is-against-code/
Florida judge rules it's illegal to unhook from the city's water system | Grist, accessed November 27, 2025, https://grist.org/living/florida-judge-rules-its-illegal-to-unhook-from-the-citys-water-system/
Florida Statute §381.0065 - Online Sunshine, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0300-0399/0381/Sections/0381.0065.html
What Are the Solar Laws in Florida?, accessed November 27, 2025, https://solaroptimum.com/what-are-florida-solar-laws/
Can You Go Off the Grid in Florida? An In-Depth Guide for 2024 - PPM Solar, accessed November 27, 2025, https://ppm.solar/can-you-go-off-the-grid-in-florida/
The 2025 Florida Statutes - Online Sunshine, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0300-0399/0366/Sections/0366.91.html
Exploring Off-Grid Land Opportunities in North Florida, accessed November 27, 2025, https://northfloridalandforsale.com/exploring-off-grid-land-opportunities-in-north-florida/
Owner Builder Disclosure Statement for Property Address - Suwannee County Building Department, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.scpermit.com/PDF/Owner%20Bldr%20Disclosure%20.pdf
suwannee county, fl building department, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.scpermit.com/
Staying Safe From Mold In Your Florida Home - BluSky Restoration, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.goblusky.com/staying-safe-from-mold-in-your-florida-home/
Managing Mold in Your Florida Home: A Consumer Guide - NASCSP, accessed November 27, 2025, https://nascsp.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/managing-mold-in-florida-home.pdf
How many batteries do I need to run my AC all night? - FranklinWH, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.franklinwh.com/support/articles/detail/how-many-batteries-do-i-need-to-run-my-ac-all-night
How to Choose the Most Energy-Efficient Dehumidifier | Constellation, accessed November 27, 2025, https://blog.constellation.com/2018/09/21/energy-efficient-dehumidifiers/
Whole-Home vs. Portable Dehumidifier:Which is Better for Southwest Florida Homes, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.cooltoday.com/blog/whole-home-vs-portable-dehumidifiers-which-is-better-for-southwest-florida
Stealth Solar Mini Split Systems Buying Guide | HVACDirect.com, accessed November 27, 2025, https://hvacdirect.com/info/stealth-solar-mini-split-systems-the-future-of-solar-hvac.html
Solar-Powered EG4 Mini Split: Off-Grid Air Conditioning in FLORIDA HEAT! #SignatureSolar #eg4 - YouTube, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.youtube.com/shorts/Ve4OlFtyHsU
Solar Electric System Sizing Step 4 - Determine the Sun Hours Available Per Day, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.solardirect.com/archives/pv/systems/gts/gts-sizing-sun-hours.html
Solar Insolation Map for Photovoltaics: Determining Your Peak Sun Hours, accessed November 27, 2025, https://firemountainsolar.com/solar-insolation-map-for-photovoltaics-determining-your-peak-sun-hours/
Newbie Off Grid Design Florida - NAZ Solar Electric Forum, accessed November 27, 2025, https://forum.solar-electric.com/discussion/357607/newbie-off-grid-design-florida
Solar Battery Bank Sizing Calculator for Off-Grid - Unbound Solar, accessed November 27, 2025, https://unboundsolar.com/solar-information/battery-bank-sizing
How Much Does a Home Solar System Really Cost in 2025? - EcoFlow, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.ecoflow.com/us/blog/how-much-does-home-solar-system-cost-2025
Well Construction Permitting - Southwest Florida Water Management District, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.swfwmd.state.fl.us/the-newsroom/well-construction-permitting-0
Water Well Construction Rules, Forms, and Reference Documents | Florida Department of Environmental Protection, accessed November 27, 2025, https://floridadep.gov/water/source-drinking-water/content/water-well-construction-rules-forms-and-reference-documents
Summary of Florida's Water Reuse Guideline or Regulation for Rainwater Collected Onsite for Non-potable Water Reuse | US EPA, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.epa.gov/waterreuse/summary-floridas-water-reuse-guideline-or-regulation-rainwater-collected-onsite-non
INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENT GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND POLICIES - Marathon, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.ci.marathon.fl.us/sites/default/files/fileattachments/planning/page/4761/chapter_3_infrastructure_element_goals_objectives_policies.pdf
Rain Barrels - Southwest Florida Water Management District, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.swfwmd.state.fl.us/sites/default/files/store_products/rain_barrels_guide.pdf
Rainwater Harvesting with Cisterns - Tampa Bay Water, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.tampabaywater.org/wp-content/uploads/RWH_guide_10-28-09.pdf
Onsite Sewage FAQ - Permitting - Florida Department of Environmental Protection, accessed November 27, 2025, https://floridadep.gov/water/onsite-sewage/content/onsite-sewage-faq-permitting
Hurricane Zone Solar Installation: Complete Guide For 2026 - Energyscape Renewables, accessed November 27, 2025, https://energyscaperenewables.com/post/hurricane-zone-solar-installation-complete-guide-for-2026/
Florida Product Approval & HVHZ - Solar Stack, accessed November 27, 2025, https://solarstack.com/floridapproval/
Lightning Protection Recommended for Florida, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.coastallightningrods.com/florida-lightning-protection/florida-lightning-protection/
Do you ground your solar system in lightning capital Florida USA? - Reddit, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.reddit.com/r/solar/comments/15lt6zb/do_you_ground_your_solar_system_in_lightning/
Solar Lightning and Lightning Protection | NAZ Solar Electric, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.solar-electric.com/learning-center/solar-system-lightning-protection.html/
Reaching Zero Energy in Florida's Hot Humid Climate - Enquiry The ARCC Journal for Architectural Research, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.arcc-journal.org/index.php/repository/article/download/360/296/1224
The Florida Solar Cracker House – an energy efficient, solar-powered home, accessed November 27, 2025, https://thearchiblog.wordpress.com/2012/04/07/the-florida-solar-cracker-house-an-energy-efficient-solar-powered-home/
Sustainable House Design in Florida: Eco-Friendly Ideas That Last - Synergy Homes, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.synergyhomesfl.com/blog/sustainable-house-design/
Surplus Lines Insurance, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.fslso.com/about/surplus-lines-insurance
Lloyd's of London Review 2025 | Trusted Choice, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.trustedchoice.com/insurance-articles/c/lloyds-insurance-company-review/
Understanding Surplus Lines Insurance Policies: Why You Might Need One, accessed November 27, 2025, https://itsaboutjustice.law/understanding-surplus-lines-insurance-policies-why-you-might-need-one/
Florida Property Insurance Crisis: Rates Soar 34% (2025 Update), accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.dontgethittwice.com/blog/2025/june/florida-property-insurance-crisis-rates-soar-34-/
Homeowners Insurance with Lloyds tripled for 2023 : r/airbnb_hosts - Reddit, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.reddit.com/r/airbnb_hosts/comments/yzjcjj/homeowners_insurance_with_lloyds_tripled_for_2023/
Florida Solar System Sizing Made Easy: How to Choose Tier 1 or Tier 2, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.floridapowerservices.com/florida-solar-system-sizing-made-easy-how-to-choose-tier-1-or-tier-2/
Our Guide to Florida Solar Insurance for Tier 2 Solar Systems, accessed November 27, 2025, https://solarbear.com/2023/02/17/our-guide-to-florida-solar-insurance-for-tier-2-solar-systems/
15kW Solar Panel Systems: How Much Do They Cost? - EnergySage, accessed November 27, 2025, https://www.energysage.com/solar/15-kw-solar-system-cost/
Home Generator Options for Space Coast Hurricanes - Ellington AC & Electric Contractors, accessed November 27, 2025, https://ellingtonac.com/blog/home-generator-options-for-space-coast-hurricanes/